The Commission on Elections announced late on Friday that the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao is deemed ratified following a referendum on Monday. It says 1.5 million people voted in favour.
Bangsamoro replaces an existing poverty-wracked autonomous region with a larger, better-funded and more powerful entity.
It is the result of a tumultuous peace effort by the government in Manila and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, the main Muslim rebel group, to seal a deal that was signed in 2014 but languished in the Philippine Congress until it was finally approved last year.
Bloodshed including the siege of Marawi city by the militant Islamic State (IS)-linked militants and other bombings and attacks in the south threatened to derail it.
Commissioner Susana Anayatin of the Bangsamoro Transition Commission said that the ratification of the autonomy law “marks the beginning of a new government and another journey toward peace.”
Under the deal, the rebels gave up their goal of an independent state in the majority Christian Philippines in exchange for broad autonomy, although they originally wanted a federal unit with more powers. Their 30,000 to 40,000 fighters are to be demobilised.
A regional parliament will be in charge of day-to-day affairs.
Al Haj Murad Ebrahim, chairman of the Moro rebels, has appealed to the international community to contribute to a trust fund to be used to finance the insurgents’ transition from decades of waging one of Asia’s longest rebellions.
Western governments have welcomed the autonomy pact. They worry that small numbers of IS-linked militants from the Middle East and Southeast Asia could forge an alliance with Filipino insurgents and turn the south into a breeding ground for extremists.
Not all Muslim-dominated areas voted in favor of the new autonomy. Sulu province, the base of a rival rebel faction, rejected it.
A second referendum on Feb, 6 will ask residents of Lanao del Norte province and seven towns in North Cotabato province with a sizeable Muslim population to decide whether they want to join the new region as well.
In 2017, Philippine troops backed by the United States and Australian surveillance aircraft routed the militants who occupied Marawi for five months in battles that left more than 1,200 people, mostly the IS fighters, dead and the mosque-studded city in ruins.
Overall, the conflict has left about 150,000 people dead over several decades and stunted development in the resource-rich but underdeveloped southern region that is the country’s poorest.
